Disk brake

ABSTRACT

A disk brake having a brake caliper, which engages axially in a U shape around a rotatable brake disk is provided. The disk brake includes a caliper bridge, two caliper limbs and at least one actuating device. At least one brake lining is mounted in an axially movable fashion in the brake caliper. The caliper bridge has, in the peripheral direction, at least three substantially axially extending supports, wherein two of the supports are embodied as a main support and one support is embodied as a central support. These supports connect the two caliper limbs and in the process form two windows and axially project beyond the brake disk. The central support projects both beyond the brake disk and beyond the brake lining in the axial direction.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is the U.S. national phase application of PCTInternational Application No. PCT/EP2007/053451, filed Apr. 10, 2007,which claims priority to German Patent Application No. DE102006018265.0,filed Apr. 20, 2006 and German Patent Application No. DE102007006472.3,filed Feb. 9, 2007, the contents of such applications being incorporatedby reference herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a disk brake having a brake caliper.

2. Description of the Related Art

DE 195 30 407 A1 discloses a disk brake which has a fixed caliper withcaliper limbs and a caliper bridge. The caliper bridge is constructedhere in the form of screws which function as a support and which connectthe caliper limbs. Such brakes require a relatively large installationspace in the radial and peripheral directions. In a disk brake it has apositive effect on the braking power and performance if the radius ofthe brake disk is selected to be as large as possible since in this waya high braking torque with low peripheral force can be achieved. Themaximum diameter of a brake disk and the corresponding radius on whichthe brake linings act are determined by the internal diameter of therim.

Furthermore, DE 101 13 347 A1 discloses a disk brake in which thecaliper bridge is embodied in the form of supports, and a centralsupport in the middle serves to support the brake lining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to specify a brake disk and a brake liningwhich avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular,require little space.

The object is achieved in that a radial wall thickness of the centralsupport of the caliper bridge is designed in such a way that in an axialregion of the brake linings a distance between the central support and arotational axis of the brake disk is smaller than an external radius ofthe brake disk. This means that the wall thickness in the region wherethe central support projects beyond only the brake lining is greaterthan where the central support engages over the brake disk. The centralsupport is therefore strengthened by the axially projected overlap ofthe brake disk and central support at the junction region between thecaliper limb and caliper bridge. This proves very favorable since inthis junction region the loading of the components, in particular due tonotch stresses, is significantly greater than in the region of the brakedisk. This design of the caliper bridge which is compatible with loadingand optimized provides the advantage that the diameter of the brake diskcan be designed in a maximum way. The structure of the caliper bridgewith supports and windows permits good thermal irradiation of thecomponents, as a result of which the thermal stress is kept low.

As a result of the fact that the main supports and the central supportenclose the brake disk in a U shape in an axial direction, the brakedisk is enclosed by the brake caliper in a way which, as it were, roundsit off and harmonizes stress. This leads to an optimum flow of force inthe brake caliper and therefore to a high rigidity to prevent bendingwhen the brake is actuated.

The brake linings are supported on bridge limbs in the peripheraldirection and in the radial direction, wherein the bridge limbs arearranged on the main supports of the caliper bridge. In this context, anundercut is provided on at least one inlet-side bridge limb with respectto the brake lining. This comprises stops for the brake lining to bearagainst in the peripheral direction, and a supporting means for radiallysupporting the brake lining. The brake lining comprises a back plate anda friction lining, wherein the back plate has a rear region having twoprojections which adjoin in the peripheral direction. At least one ofthe projections is embodied in an L shape with a supporting face forproviding radial support and two bearing faces for permitting bearing inthe peripheral direction. The L-shaped projection engages in theundercut of the bridge limb. This type of bearing for a brake lining inthe brake caliper is easy to fabricate and brings about a comfortablebraking behavior.

In terms of the requirement of installation space in the peripheraldirection it proves very favorable if the undercut is providedexclusively on the inlet side, with respect to a main rotationaldirection of the brake disk, for each brake lining in the brake caliper,and the back plate has an L-shaped projection exclusively on the inletside, with the result that a flow of force of peripheral forces from theback plate into the brake caliper occurs by means of tension via abearing face and a stop when the brake disk rotates in the mainrotational direction, and occurs by means of pressure via a further stopand a further bearing face when the brake disk rotates in a directionopposed to the main rotational direction. The terms “on the inlet sideand on the outlet side” are related to any existing brake lining in thiscontext. This design of the bearing of the brake lining ensures that theguiding of the brake lining under tension results in a favorable brakingbehavior in terms of generation of noise and wear for forward travel ofthe vehicle. For less frequent reversing or for the stationary stage ofthe vehicle, the brake linings are loaded compressively. This effectiveapplication of the lining guiding principle under tension and undercompression which is specifically matched to the requirements providesthe advantage that the installation space of the brake caliper isconsiderably reduced in the peripheral direction of the brake disk sincethere is no need for any outlet-side undercut design. In addition, thedouble effect is obtained that the requirement of material and therequirement of working is decisively reduced both for the brake caliperand for the back plate of the brake lining. In particular in the case offixed calipers, this concept is particularly simple and advantageoussince said components are in principle made very rigid and therefore thereduced guidance of the lining which is present can be applied withoutdisadvantages.

One advantageous development of the invention comprises a stop and asupporting means being provided on the outlet-side bridge limb, as aresult of which the brake lining can be supported radially by means ofthe supporting faces. The stops which serve to provide support in theperipheral direction in the brake caliper are spaced apart in such a waythat when the brake disk rotates in the main rotational direction,exclusively the inlet-side stop of the undercut and the bearing face ofthe L-shaped projection are in engagement when there are moderateperipheral forces induced by braking. When there are high peripheralforces, the outlet-side projection of the brake lining additionallybears against the stop of the outlet-side bridge limb since both theinlet-side bridge limb is deformed and the back plate of the brakelining becomes longer. A gap which is present between the brake liningand an outlet-side stop is overcome by means of the deformation, withthe result that force can be conducted away proportionally into theoutlet-side bridge limb (pull-push principle).

In a further refinement of the invention, a supporting face is providedon the central support of the caliper bridge, which supporting facebounds, through interaction with the supporting means in the bridgelimbs, a possible movement of the brake lining in the radial directionwith play in the brake caliper. Furthermore, a rear supporting facewhich interacts with the supporting face of the central support isprovided on the brake lining, which rear supporting face is arranged ona side of the rear region facing away from the rotational axis of thebrake disk, and substantially centrally between the projections. In thiscontext, a recess, which at least partially accommodates the centralsupport, is preferably provided in the brake lining and in this recessthe rear supporting face is arranged. The radial support of the brakelining at a third point in the caliper bridge prevents undesiredmovements of the brake lining and therefore associated disadvantages interms of braking comfort. The use of the third supporting face isparticularly advantageous in the present guiding system of the brakelinings since the one-sided design of the L-shaped projection permitsthe brake lining to carry out certain movements which are restricted bythe rear supporting face and the corresponding face in the caliperbridge. The radial play of this mounting of the brake lining can beselected to be relatively small in the case of a fixed caliper since thecaliper bridge and supporting means in the means for guiding the liningare in a fixed geometric ratio to one another. Play of the order ofmagnitude of 0.3-0.5 mm is appropriate here. If it is intended thatfurther means should be active between the brake lining and the caliperbridge, the play can be between 0.5 and 1 mm.

A further embodiment of the invention comprises at least two pairs ofbrake linings being provided one next to the other in the peripheraldirection in the brake caliper in order to act axially on both sides ofthe brake disk. Such high-performance disk brakes have the decisiveadvantage over brakes with just one large pair of brake linings that thebrake linings wear evenly since the brake linings are acted on by onlyone actuating device, have bearings which are independent of one anotherand are thermally isolated. As a result, especially the mechanicalloading of the force supports in the peripheral direction is reduced,which makes the dimensions and the weight of the components lower. Thisalso improves the axial mobility in the brake caliper and therefore alsothe comfort properties of the brake linings. The favorable support ofthe brake linings by means of the undercuts and the stops makes acompact and short design of the brake caliper possible, in particular inthe peripheral direction.

The installation space in the peripheral direction can be usedparticularly effectively if the undercut is provided for accommodatingthe outlet-side brake lining on a central bridge limb, to which at thesame time the stop for the inlet-side brake lining is also attached.This means that the outlet-side stop for the inlet-side brake lining isattached to the same bridge limb on which the inlet-side undercut forthe outlet-side brake lining is also provided. It should be borne inmind that on the one hand the term “inlet-side and outlet-side” forindicating the position of the undercut and of the stop in the brakecaliper relates to the respective brake lining but is also used todescribe the position of the brake linings and then refers to the brakecaliper itself. The bridge limbs are preferably embodied in one piece onand with the caliper bridge in such a way that the caliper bridge andbridge limb have a U-shaped contour which engages around the brake disk.In this context, the caliper bridge and caliper limbs can bemanufactured from a lightweight material, and the caliper bridge can bemanufactured from a stronger material than the caliper limbs. Since thecaliper bridge has to support completely the actuation forces which areapplied by the actuating devices, they can be manufactured from arelatively high strength material, such as for example nodular graphitecast iron, owing to the favorable multi-component design of the brakecaliper. In order to reduce the weight, the caliper limbs aremanufactured from aluminum, for example.

Furthermore, the rigidity of the brake caliper can be increased furtherby including the U-shaped design of the caliper bridge and the bridgelimbs in the loadbearing structure. Since the caliper limbs are screwedto the caliper bridge and the bridge limbs at two radially differentlocations, the actuation forces of the actuating device are alsosupported via the bridge limbs.

Within the scope of the present invention, a brake lining for a diskbrake having a brake caliper is also disclosed, wherein the brakecaliper engages axially in a U shape around a rotatable brake disk.Furthermore, the brake caliper comprises a caliper bridge, two caliperlimbs and at least one actuating device. The brake lining is mounted inan axially movable fashion in the brake caliper and comprises a backplate and a friction lining which is arranged thereon.

The brake lining according to aspects of the invention has, in thiscontext, a recess in the back plate and in the friction lining, whichrecess at least partially accommodates the central support. In a morefavorable way, the caliper bridge can have, in a peripheral direction,at least three substantially axially extending supports. The supportsare embodied here as two main supports and one central support whichconnect the caliper limbs forming two windows and axially project beyondthe brake disk. The central support also axially projects beyond thebrake lining with respect to the brake disk and is accommodated on bothsides by the recess in the peripheral direction.

Furthermore, the brake lining comprises a back plate and a frictionlining, wherein the back plate has a rear region with two projectionswhich adjoin in the peripheral direction. At least one projection isembodied here in an L shape with a supporting face for providing radialsupport, and with two bearing faces for permitting bearing in aperipheral direction. The L-shaped shoulder engages in an undercut inthe caliper bridge, with the other projection having a further bearingface and a supporting face. In this way, the brake lining permits thebrake caliper and the disk brake to be designed in a way which isadvantageous and is optimized in terms of installation space. It isconceivable to embody the L-shaped projection exclusively on the inletside, with respect to a main rotational direction of the brake disk, onthe rear region of each back plate. In this way, the brake lining isunder tension and the flow of force of the peripheral forces from theback plate into the brake caliper occurs via the bearing face whichextends radially on the L-shaped projection and faces the rear region,when the brake disk rotates in the main rotational direction. When thebrake disk rotates in a direction opposed to the main rotationaldirection, the flow of force occurs by means of pressure via the bearingface facing away from the rear region. However, the outlet-side shoulderof the back plate can also have an L-shaped contour. Peripheral forcesare therefore conducted away from the brake lining into the brakecaliper by means of tension irrespective of the rotational direction ofthe brake disk.

In one refinement of the invention, a rear supporting face can beprovided on the rear region of the back plate, which rear supportingface bounds, through interaction with the supporting faces of theprojections, a possible movement of the brake lining in the radialdirection with play in the brake caliper. This rear supporting facewhich functions as a radial support can either enter into contact withthe caliper bridge during normal operation of the disk brake or serveonly as an emergency bounding means, in particular if further means areactive between the brake lining and the caliper bridge.

If the disk brake has two pairs of brake linings, in which case twobrake linings can respectively act one next to the other in theperipheral direction on each side of the brake disk, it is advantageousin terms of the manufacturing costs if at least two brake linings areembodied in the same way.

The described design of a brake caliper and of a brake lining can beapplied in a disk brake with a fixed caliper or with a floating caliper.

These and other aspects of the invention are illustrated in detail byway of the embodiments and are described with respect to the embodimentsin the following, making reference to the Figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is best understood from the following detailed descriptionwhen read in connection with the accompanying drawing. Included in thedrawing are the following figures:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a brake caliper of a first embodiment ofa disk brake,

FIG. 2 is a perspective view into the caliper bridge of the disk brakeaccording to FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the disk brake according toFIG. 1,

FIG. 4 shows a perspective partial section through the disk brakeaccording to FIG. 1,

FIGS. 5 a) and b) show detailed sections of the guidance of the brakelining of the disk brake according to FIG. 1, and analogously for theembodiments in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8,

FIG. 6 a) shows a cross section through the disk brake according to FIG.1, and FIG. 6 b) shows a cross section through a disk brake similar tothe disk brake according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of adisk brake, and

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a diskbrake.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 show a first embodiment of a disk brake 1. This diskbrake 1 comprises a brake caliper 8 which is embodied as a fixed caliperand which can be mounted permanently on a vehicle limb (notillustrated). In the mounted state, the brake caliper 8 engages axiallyaround a brake disk 2 which is mounted so as to be capable of rotatingabout a rotational axis 3. In this context, the brake disk 2 runsthrough a shaft 9 extending through the brake caliper 8 in theperipheral direction 5, said shaft 9 being formed by a first caliperlimb 10 facing the vehicle, a caliper bridge 12 and a second caliperlimb 11 facing away from the vehicle. In the present case, the caliperlimbs 10, 11 and the caliper bridge 12 are embodied as differentcomponents and are connected to one another by means of screws. It isalso conceivable to embody the brake caliper in one piece. Substantiallyradially extending bores 13, by means of which the brake caliper 8 canbe connected to the vehicle limb, are provided on the first caliper limb10.

Two actuating devices 14, which each have a piston 16 which can be movedin a bore 15, are respectively provided in each caliper limb 10, 11.Between the pistons 16 and the bores 15 pressure spaces 17 are formed.All four pressure spaces 17 of the actuating devices 14 are connected toone another hydraulically, with the pressure spaces 17 in the samecaliper limb 10 or 11 being connected by means of a branch bore 18, anda pressure pipe 19 being additionally provided between the pressurespaces 17 of the two caliper limbs 10, 11. In this context, the pressurepipe 12 is shielded from thermal and mechanical stresses from the brakedisk 2 by means of a protective insulation 20.

The caliper bridge 12 is configured as a support frame structure withradial windows 21, 22, with two webs 23, 24 which extend in theperipheral direction being connected to axially extending supports, andtherefore surrounding the windows 23, 24. It is necessary todifferentiate between main supports 25, 26, 27 and central supports 28,29 since the main supports 25, 26, 27 are made stronger than the centralsupports 28, 29. The main supports 25, 26, 27 form, together withpermanently connected bridge limbs 34, 35, 36, U-shaped units whichenclose the brake disk 2. Receptacles for the brake linings 37, 38 arearranged on the bridge limbs 34, 35, 36 and as a result are mounted insuch a way that they can be moved in the axial direction 6, and aremounted in the peripheral direction 5 and in the radial direction 7.According to a main rotational direction 4 of the brake disk 2, whichcorresponds to the forward travel of a motor vehicle, it is possible torefer here in each case to an inlet-side and outlet-side pair of brakelinings 37, 38.

The central supports 28, 29 are arranged between the main supports 25,26, 27 and project beyond the brake disk 2 and the brake linings 37, 38.FIG. 4 shows particularly well the way in which the central supports 28,29 are arranged and embodied. It is clear here that the radial wallthickness D varies over the axial length of the central supports 28, 29.In order to increase the flexural strength of the entire brake caliper2, the central supports 28, 29 are made stronger at the junction withthe caliper limbs 10, 11 by means of a thickened portion 30, 31 thanwhere they project beyond the brake disk 2. This is due to the fact thatthe junction region is subjected to particularly high mechanical stress.Furthermore, the region with the thickened portion 30, 31 isparticularly well suited for accommodating the connecting screws 58, 59.The different wall thickness D acts over the axial extent of the centralsupports 28, 29 that the brake disk 2 is also enclosed in a U shape bythe central supports 28, 29, with no clearly defined bridge limbs beingpresent here. This U-shaped design of the central supports 28, 29pointing to the rotational axis 3 is advantageous for making theexternal radius R of the brake disk 2, and therefore also the effectiveradius of the brake linings 37, 38 and the peripheral force, as large aspossible. The thickened region of the central supports 28, 29 thereforeprojects axially into the region of the frictional engagement of thebrake linings 37, 38. A distance A between the thickened region of thecentral supports 28, 29, in particular between the face of this regionfacing the rotational axis 3, and the rotational axis 3 of the brakedisk 2 is therefore smaller than the external radius R of the brake disk2. In order to avoid this, an external radius of a brake disk would haveto be reduced by the amount of thickening of the central supports if theexternal dimensions of the disk brake which are conditioned by aninternal diameter of a rim are to be constant. The advantageous overlapgives rise to a recess 39 in the brake linings 37, 38 in which thethickened portion 30, 31 of the central supports 28, 29 can beaccommodated. This recess 39 reduces the frictional area only to aninsignificant degree. This is therefore a highly effective configurationof the brake caliper 8 according to which only regions which aresubjected to high mechanical stress are embodied in accordance with theloading, and at the same time optimum utilization of installation spaceis realized.

The brake linings 37, 38 are mounted so as to be axially movable in thereceptacles in the caliper bridge 12. In the text which follows,inlet-side and outlet-side positions are referred to in order todescribe the bearing with respect to one of the main rotationaldirections 4. This can relate both to a position relative to a brakelining and to the position of a brake lining in the brake caliper. Allthe brake linings 37, 38 comprise a back plate 40 and a friction lining41 which is permanently connected thereto and which is preferablypressed thereon. The back plate 40 has a rear region 42 which iscontinuous in the peripheral direction 5 with, in each case, oneprojection 43, 44, the recess 39 for accommodating the thickened portion30, 31 of the central supports 28, 29 being provided in the rear region42 and in the friction lining 41. In the present exemplary embodiment,the inlet-side projection 43 is embodied in an L shape with a supportingface 45 for providing radial support and two bearing faces 48, 49 forpermitting bearing in the peripheral direction 5. A supporting face 46for providing radial support is present on the outlet-side projection44.

As is shown in FIG. 3, the inlet-side receptacles for the brake linings37, 38 are formed in the inlet-side bridge limbs 34 and in the middlebridge limbs 35 as undercuts 50, 51 into which the L-shaped projections43 of the brake linings 37, 38 engage. Each undercut 50, 51 has asupporting means 52 for providing radial support and in each case twostops 53, 54 for permitting bearing in the peripheral direction 5. Theoutlet-side receptacles 55, 56 for the brake linings 37, 38 are providedon the middle bridge limbs 35 and on the outlet-side bridge limbs 36 inthe form of a supporting means 57.

Each brake lining 37, 38 is supported in the radial direction 7 by meansof the inlet-side undercut 50, 51 and the outlet-side receptacle 55, 56.In this context, the supporting face 45 on the inlet-side projection 43of a brake lining 37, 38 interacts with the supporting means 52 of theundercut 50, 51, and the supporting face 46 of the outlet-sideprojection 44 of a brake lining 37, 38 interacts with the supportingmeans 57 of the receptacle 56, 57. As is clarified in FIG. 5 b by way ofexample and in a detailed form using the example of the central support29, there is, in the recess 39 in the rear region 42, a rear supportingface 47 which limits the possible movement of the brake lining 37, 38 inthe radial direction 7, together with the supporting face 32, 33 of thecentral support 28, 29 with play S_(R). The play S_(R) is preferably ofthe magnitude of 0.3-0.5 mm. The bearing for the brake linings 37, 38 inthe peripheral direction 5 is provided by means of the stops 53, 54 inthe undercuts 50, 51 through interaction with the bearing faces 48, 49on the inlet-side projections 43 of the brake linings 37, 38. This isshown by way of example in FIG. 5 a in a detailed section of theundercut 51 in the middle bridge limb 35 with the inlet-side projection43 of the brake lining 38. The internal dimension in the peripheraldirection 5 of the undercut 51 is somewhat larger than the L-shapedprojection 43, with the result that play S_(H) of 0.3-0.6 mm is producedin the peripheral direction 5.

When the disk brake 1 is actuated, the pressure spaces 17 of theactuating devices 14 in the caliper limbs 10, 11 are applied, as aresult of which the respective piston 16 moves axially and presses thecorresponding brake lining 10, 11 against the brake disk 2. If the brakedisk 2 rotates in the main rotational direction 4, the resultingperipheral force causes the bearing faces 49, facing the brake lining,of the L-shaped projections 43 of the brake linings 10, 11 to move intoengagement with the stops 54, facing away from the brake lining, of theundercuts 50, 51. The peripheral force is therefore conducted away intothe brake caliper 8 via the bridge limbs 34, 35 by means of brakelinings 37, 38 under tension. In the case of reversing, the brakelinings 37, 38 bear, with the bearing faces 48 facing away from thebrake lining, against the stops 53 facing the brake lining, as a resultof which the peripheral forces are applied to the brake caliper 8 bymeans of pressure.

FIGS. 6 a and 6 b illustrate the brake caliper 8 in an axial sectionwhich passes through the central main support 26 and the bridge limbs35. Said figures show how the U-shaped design of the caliper bridge 12and the bridge limbs 35 increases the rigidity of the brake caliper 8further by virtue of the fact that said components are included in theloadbearing structure. As a result of the screwing of the caliper limbs10, 11 to the caliper bridge 12 and the bridge limbs 35 at two radiallydifferent locations, the actuation forces of the actuating devices 14are also supported via the bridge limbs 35. In FIG. 6 b, a differentform of screwing is implemented which reduces the number of screws andin particular uses one continuous screw 61 instead of two individualscrews, leading to simplified mounting.

FIG. 7 shows another exemplary embodiment of a brake caliper 63 which isanalogous to the first exemplary embodiment but has modified bearing ofthe brake lining 80 in the peripheral direction 5 and only one pair ofbrake linings 80. Two caliper limbs engage over a brake disk 2 by meansof a caliper bridge 64, the caliper bridge 64 having two webs 65, twomain supports 66, 67 and a central support 68, as a result of which tworadial windows 70, 71 are formed. In contrast to the first embodiment abearing face 87 is provided on the outlet-side projection 84 of thebrake lining 80, and a stop 78 is provided in the outlet-side receptacle75 of the outlet-side bridge limb 73. In this context, the bearing face86, facing the brake lining, of the inlet-side projection 83 of thebrake lining 80 and the bearing face 87 of the outlet-side projection 84are spaced apart in such a way that in the static state or in the caseof weak braking the brake lining 80 is supported exclusively undertension in the undercut 74 in the inlet-side bridge limb 72 when thebrake disk 2 rotates in the main rotational direction 4. As a result, agap S of approximately 0.5-0.6 mm is produced between the brake lining80 and the corresponding stops 76, 78 of the bridge limbs 72, 73. Weakbraking is to be understood here as meaning a braking operation in whichless than approximately 40% of the maximum braking power is required. Inthe case of strong braking, the geometric conditions between the brakelining 80 and the undercut 74 and the receptacle 75 change to the effectthat as a result of the peripheral force the inlet-side bridge limb 72deforms elastically and the brake lining 80 is stretched. This resultsin the gap S closing and the back plate 79 of the brake lining 80 comingto bear with the bearing face 87 against the outlet-side stop 78. Partof the peripheral force is therefore applied to the outlet-sidereceptacle 75. The division of the flow of force in terms of strength ofbraking has the effect that in the case of weak braking the advantagesof brake linings and tension, in particular in terms of comfort, areexploited, and in the case of strong braking the advantages of brakelinings which are supported by means of tension and by means of pressurefor stability are also provided. In the case of reversing, the brakelining 80 bears with the bearing face 85 against the stop 75 of theundercut 74, as a result of which peripheral forces are transmitted intothe brake caliper 63 by means of pressure.

FIG. 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a brake caliper 93, thebrake lining 110 being provided on both sides with L-shaped projections113, 114 and correspondingly an undercut 104, 105 also being provided ineach of the inlet-side and outlet-side bridge limbs 102, 103. Thisdesign of the projections 113, 114 means that the brake lining 110 ismounted independently of the rotational direction.

The radial mounting of the brake linings 80, 110 in the brake calipers63, 93 according to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 7 and 8 is ofanalogous design, for which reason a common description and commonnumbering have been selected. Supporting means 91, 92, on which thesupporting faces 88, 89, 120, 121 of the brake linings 80, 110 aresupported, are provided in the receptacle 75 and in the undercuts 74,104, 105. In this context, the recesses 82, 112 in the rear region 81,111 of the brake linings 80, 110 partially accommodate the centralsupport 68, 98 and bound the possible radial movement of the brakecalipers 80, 110 with play S_(R) by virtue of the fact that the rearsupporting face 90, 122 and the supporting face 69, 99 on the centralsupport 68, 98 interact.

It is to be noted that the types of bearing from the first, second andthird exemplary embodiments can be freely combined.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described herein,it will be understood that such embodiments are provided by way ofexample only. Numerous variations, changes and substitutions will occurto those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of theinvention. It is intended that the appended claims cover all suchvariations as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

1. A disk brake having a brake caliper which axially engages a rotatablebrake disk along a U-shaped engagement region, said disk brakecomprising: a caliper bridge; two caliper limbs positioned on opposingsides of the caliper bridge; at least one actuating device that ismounted in the brake caliper for axially moving at least one brakelining against the rotatable brake disk; wherein the caliper bridge has,in a peripheral direction, at least three substantially axiallyextending supports including two main supports and one central supportwhich axially project beyond the brake disk for connecting the caliperlimbs to the caliper bridge, wherein a window is defined betweenadjacent supports, bridge limbs arranged on the main supports of thecaliper bridge on which the brake lining is supported in the peripheraldirection and in a radial direction; an undercut provided on at leastone inlet-side bridge limb with respect to the brake lining, whichundercut comprises stops for the brake lining to bear against in theperipheral direction, and a supporting means for radially supporting thebrake lining, wherein the central support axially projects beyond thebrake disk and the brake lining, and a radial wall thickness (D) of thecentral support is sized such that a radial distance (A) between thecentral support and a rotational axis of the brake disk is less than anexternal radius (R) of the brake disk in an axial region of the brakelining.
 2. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brakelining comprises a back plate and a friction lining, wherein the backplate has a rear region having two projections which adjoin in theperipheral direction, wherein at least one projection is embodied in anL-shape with a supporting face for providing radial support and twobearing faces for permitting bearing in the peripheral direction, andsaid projection engages in the undercut of the bridge limb.
 3. The diskbrake as claimed in claim 2, wherein a stop and a supporting means areprovided on an outlet-side bridge limb such that the brake lining isconfigured to be supported radially by means of the supporting face andwherein the stops are spaced apart in the peripheral direction in thebrake caliper such that when the brake disk rotates in the mainrotational direction, the inlet-side stop is in exclusive engagementwith the bearing face when moderate peripheral forces are induced bybraking, and an outlet-side projection bears against the stop of theoutlet-side bridge limb under the effect of deformation when there arehigh peripheral forces.
 4. The disk brake as claimed in claim 3, whereina supporting face is provided on the central support, wherein thesupporting face bounds movement of the brake lining in the radialdirection with play (S_(R)) in the brake caliper through interactionwith supporting means of the bridge limbs.
 5. The disk brake as claimedin claim 4, wherein a rear supporting face which interacts with thesupporting face of the central support is provided on the brake lining,wherein the rear supporting face is arranged on a side of the rearregion of the back plate facing away from a rotational axis of the brakedisk, and substantially centrally between the projections.
 6. The diskbrake as claimed in claim 3, wherein an undercut for the outlet-sidebrake lining is formed on a bridge limb which accommodates thesupporting means for the inlet-side brake lining.
 7. The disk brake asclaimed in claim 2, wherein the undercut is provided exclusively on theinlet-side, with respect to a main rotational direction of the brakedisk, for each brake lining in the brake caliper, and the back plate hasan L-shaped projection exclusively on the inlet-side such that a flow offorce of peripheral forces from the back plate into the brake caliperoccurs by means of tension via the bearing face and the stop when thebrake disk rotates in the main rotational direction, and occurs by meansof pressure via the bearing face and the stop when the brake diskrotates in a direction opposed to the main rotational direction.
 8. Thebrake lining as claimed in claim 2, wherein the L-shaped projection isembodied exclusively on the inlet side, with respect to a mainrotational direction of the brake disk, on the rear region of the backplate, such that a flow of force of peripheral forces from the backplate into the brake caliper occurs by means of tension via the bearingface when the brake disk rotates in the main rotational direction, andoccurs by means of pressure via the bearing face when the brake diskrotates in a direction opposed to the main rotational direction.
 9. Thedisk brake as claimed in claim 2, wherein a recess, which at leastpartially accommodates the central support, is provided in the brakelining, and wherein the rear supporting face is arranged in the recessof the brake lining.
 10. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1, whereinthe main supports and the central support enclose the brake disk in aU-shape.
 11. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein a recess,which at least partially accommodates the central support, is providedin the brake lining.
 12. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1, whereinat least two pairs of brake linings are provided next to each other inthe peripheral direction in the brake caliper in order to act axially onboth sides of the brake disk.
 13. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1,wherein the caliper bridge is manufactured from a stronger material thanthe caliper limbs.
 14. The disk brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein thecaliper limbs are configured to be screwed to the caliper bridge and thebridge limbs at two radial locations such that the bridge limbs increasethe rigidity of the brake caliper.
 15. The disk brake as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the brake caliper is embodied as a floating caliper orfixed caliper.
 16. A set of brake linings for a disk brake according toclaim 1, wherein at least two brake linings which are arranged one nextto the other on the same side of the brake disk in the peripheraldirection are embodied in the same way.
 17. A brake lining for a diskbrake having a brake caliper, wherein the brake caliper engages axiallyin a U-shape around a rotatable brake disk, and comprises a caliperbridge, two caliper limbs and at least one actuating device, wherein thebrake lining is mounted in an axially movable fashion in the brakecaliper, wherein the brake lining comprises a back plate and a frictionlining which is arranged thereon, wherein a recess, which at leastpartially accommodates the caliper bridge, is provided in the back plateand in the friction lining of the brake lining, wherein the caliperbridge has, in a peripheral direction, at least three substantiallyaxially extending supports, wherein the supports are embodied as twomain supports and one central support which connect the caliper limbsforming two windows and axially project beyond the brake disk, whereinthe central support axially projects beyond the brake disk and the brakelining and is accommodated on both sides by the recess in the peripheraldirection.
 18. The brake lining as claimed in claim 17, wherein the backplate has a rear region with two projections which adjoin in theperipheral direction, wherein at least one projection is embodied in anL-shape with a supporting face for providing radial support and twobearing faces for permitting bearing in a peripheral direction, and theat least one projection engages in an undercut in the caliper bridge,and the other projection has a further supporting face.
 19. The brakelining as claimed in claim 18, wherein a rear supporting face isprovided on the rear region, which rear supporting face bounds, throughinteraction with the supporting faces of the projections, a movement ofthe brake lining in the radial direction with play (S_(R)) in the brakecaliper.
 20. The brake lining as claimed in claim 19, wherein the rearsupporting face is arranged in the recess of the brake lining.